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I think I would try brake cleaner for those areas.
The valves themselves/down inside the head, I'd crank the engine till the cylinder your working on, the valves are closed(keep brake cleaner from pouring into the combustion chamber, hydraulic lock, etc).
Where you can get to with a tooth brush would work too. If the valve stems are super caked up, being very careful with a flat screwdriver, you should be able to knock off the big stuff.
I would also use an air compressor after each "cleaning" to blow as much crap out as you can..
I don't think I would "flood" each cylinder with anything. I'd be concerned about it getting past the rings, into the crankcase, potential "dry start" and again, potential for hydraulic lock.
Should you try it, pull all the sparks out and crank over to expel any excess cleaning fluid.
Lastly, Yamaha sells a product called Ring Free. It's a combustion chamber / fuel system cleaner (used a bunch in the marine industry). I personally use it in EVERY gas powered machine I own as well as customers machines I work on.. IME, highly recommended.
*Not noted on the container ( I had to do a bunch of research) but it can be used in a "shock" treatment at 2oz / 1 gallon of fuel.. It's not cheap, 32 oz for about $50.00..
View attachment 74367
You should be ok with that. Any loss of carbon would be an improvement.
Just make sure all cleaning fluids are cleared before cranking the engine over with spark plugs in.
The marks are for setting timing referencing cylinder #1. Other valves may be open.
So right now, cyl #1 is at TDC (compression stroke), all valves in THAT CYLINDER are closed..
As you have your valve cover off and can see the valves-open or closed, when doing the rest of the cylinders, rotate the engine, say for cyl #2 until you see all of #2's valves CLOSED/cam ramp AWAY from opening in the valves, IE valves are all closed in that cylinder- Then have it..
BTW, did you check you valve clearances while there?
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For properly setting/checking you should go in this order:
(1) Crank set on TDC, (compression stroke #1 cyl), use the line next to the "T", get that dead nuts lined up with the mark on the block... That is your starting point.
(2) Exhaust is next.. That should be lined up with the head(as you posted)-NO slack in the chain.
(3) Intake is last. That now(all slack out of the chain) should be on the mark.
Note, chain stretch /wear could have the marks on the cam's NOT exactly line up.
If the / a cam is off a tooth, the marks would be significantly off for that camshaft.
**Exhaust valves too tight, would cause running issues and eventually, burnt valves.
I would address that. Buy a shim kit unless you have access to shims locally.
Please check again making sure you ONLY turn the crankshaft CLOCKWISE.
I understand.. Your not doing it correctly.
Start with the crank TDC ON THE MARK,
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And when I have crank TDC #1 cylinder on the mark? I am confused.
(1) Crank set on TDC, (compression stroke #1 cyl), use the line next to the "T", get that dead nuts lined up with the mark on the block... That is your starting point.
(2) Exhaust is next.. That should be lined up with the head(as you posted)-NO slack in the chain.
(3) Intake is last. That now(all slack out of the chain) should be on the mark.
Note, chain stretch /wear could have the marks on the cam's NOT exactly line up.
If the / a cam is off a tooth, the marks would be significantly off for that camshaft.
Perfect...
The 1 mm you have in "offset in the cam marks" is from simply cam CHAIN WEAR / Stretch..
Nothing to loose sleep over, timing is good...
I would address the exhaust cam tolerances..
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