To me, the white parts seem to be ballast resistors for an LED lighting system.
The black part is apparently an aftermarket flasher(doing a quick search):
LF1-S-PIN Universal Motorcycle Electronic Flasher - Universal Pin Motorcycle Flasher
Electronic LED Flasher Relays for Motorcycle have no minimum load-12VDC. Eliminates the need for load resistors, turn signals will flash at normal rate with or with out LED bulbs. Price for each.www.superbrightleds.com
Don't know what the others are but appear aftermarket.
Correct. 5 ohm 20 watt resistors... used to (severely) limit current going to an LED.